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Calculating The Size of a Server Room Air Conditioner Print
February 2011
Source article:
http://www.openxtra.co.uk/articles/calculating-heat-load

---

Calculating The Size of a Server Room Air Conditioner
Submitted by dlaverty on Sun, 2005/02/20 - 16:44

A quick guide to show you how to work out your requirements for an air conditioning unit for your Server Room or Data Center.

In principle it’s easy to calculate the size of air conditioning unit you need for your Server Room, just add together all the sources of heat and install an air conditioning unit that can remove that much. In practice it’s rather more complicated.

Fire regulations often require that Server Rooms have levels of insulation far above that of a normal office. Providing sufficient cooling is essential to ensure reliable running of servers, routers, switches and other key equipment. Failure of the air conditioning can have serious consequences for the equipment itself and for your company. Early warning of problems and spare capacity in the cooling system are both highly desirable.

Calculating Heat Load

The amount of heat generated is known as the heat gain or heat load. Heat is measured in either British Thermal Units (BTU) or Kilowatts (KW). 1KW is equivalent to 3412BTUs.

The heat load depends on a number of factors, by taking into account those that apply in your circumstances and adding them together a reasonably accurate measure of the total heat can be calculated*.

Factors include:

    * The floor area of the room
    * The size and position of windows, and whether they have blinds or shades
    * The number of room occupants (if any)
    * The heat generated by equipment
    * The heat generated by lighting

Floor Area of Room

The amount of cooling required depends on the area of the room. To calculate the area in square metres:

Room Area BTU = Length (m) x Width (m) x 337


Window Size and Position

If, as is quite common, your Server Room has no windows, you can ignore this part of the calculation. If, however there are windows you need to take the size and orientation into account.

South Window BTU = South Facing window Length (m) x Width (m) x 870

North Window BTU = North Facing windows Length (m) x Width (m) x 165

If there are no blinds on the windows multiply the result(s) by 1.5.

Obviously if you are in the Southern Hemisphere you would swap the conversion factors as the heat on North facing windows is then greatest.

Add together all the BTUs for the windows.

Windows BTU = South Window(s) BTU + North Window(s) BTU


Occupants

Purpose built Server Rooms don’t normally have people working in them, but if people do regularly work in your Server Room you will have to take that into account. The heat output is around 400 BTU per person.

Total Occupant BTU = Number of occupants x 400


Equipment

Clearly most heat in a Server Room is generated by the equipment. This is trickier to calculate that you might think. The wattage on equipment is the maximum power consumption rating, the actual power consumed may be less. However it is probably safer to overestimate the wattage than underestimate it.

Add together all the wattages for Servers, Switches, Routers and multiply by 3.5.

Equipment BTU = Total wattage for all equipment x 3.5


Lighting

Take the total wattage of the lighting and multiply by 4.25.

Lighting BTU = Total wattage for all lighting x 4.25


Total Cooling Required

Add all the BTUs together.

Total Heat Load = Room Area BTU + Windows BTU + Total Occupant BTU + Equipment BTU + Lighting BTU

This is the amount of cooling required so you need one or more air conditioning units to handle that amount of heat.


So what size of unit do I need?

Small air conditioning units have a cooling capacity of between 5000 and 10000 BTUs. Small units may fit in windows, venting to the outside world.

Larger units may be rated in tons of cooling. 1 ton of cooling is equivalent to 12 thousand BTUs.

Disclaimer: This calculation is intended as a rough guide only. Complete accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Before you decide on an air conditioning unit you should commission an audit from a suitably qualified air conditioning equipment specialist or installer.

 
Compucon Vehicle DVR (CUDCAR) - Product Specification Print
February 2011

Compucon Vehicle DVR

Product Specification


Image

Image

This Digital Video Recorder (DVR) product is designed for installation in motor vehicles such as private cars, taxis, buses, vans and trucks.  When installed and operating, the product will record the state of affairs as listed in (1) and achieve the effect of (2) and the function of (3) as explained below.
  1. Information recorded or available include the road and traffic conditions in video, the inside car cabin situation in video, audio as recorded and the volume is adjustable, speed of the car in numeric KPH, direction of the car as shown on a compass, location of the car as shown on a map and in terms of latitude and longitude, the shock position of the car in 3 dimensions, and finally the date and time of the recording.
  2. Deterrent to the driver or people inside the car cabin as they know their activities will be recorded
  3. Evidence of activities as recorded
Major Product Features

  1. There are 2 cameras embedded in the product and their lenses are located on the front end and back end of the unit as shown in the picture within the circle below. 
  2. There are 3 plastic suction hooks for attaching the DVR to the windscreen or any other surface suitable for holding the DVR.  The hinge connecting the hooks to the DVR is adjustable and this allows the cameras to be positioned as desired within limits. The DVR is quite light (about 140g), and the hooks are adequate to hold the DVR in position.

    Image

     
  3. There are 4 Infrared LED on the side of the DVR facing inward the car cabin and they are on the LHS of the camera. This set of Infrared LED is for night-mode operation when visible light is too low.  The DVR will start up in night mode for the first 30 seconds, and determine if it should stay on night mode or day mode for subsequent operation.

    Image

     
  4. The DVR will record data onto a flash card (Micro SDHC Class 6 to be exact).   Micro refers to its very small size, see picture.  SD stands for Secure Digital which is a name given by the initial technology developer.  HC stands for High Capacity.  Class 6 means the card is capable of writing at 6MB per second.

    Image
  5. Compucon supplies one 8GB of flash card with the product.  However, customers can use bigger capacity such as 16GB and 32GB which will support recording for a longer period (proportionally).  We estimate that 8GB supports 8 hours of recording.
    Image
  6. The flash card should be inserted in the DVR unit as shown in the picture on the RHS before the DVR receives power.  It is OK to change the flash card at any time as long as the DVR is not on power.  Remove the flash card with recording and insert it in a Reader which has an USB connector.  See picture on the LHS.  Connect it to a PC and the PC will be able to display the recording on the screen.  The Reader is supplied by Compucon as part of the product.

    Image

     
  7. The flash card contains the software needed to play the recording.  The software will work under Windows XP, Vista or Windows 7.  A separate CD with the software is supplied as part of the package for back up purpose.
  8. The DVR is powered by the cigarette lighter in the car at 5V.  Such an adapter with cable for connecting the DVR to the cigarette lighter is included in the product package.

Operation of DVR

  • The DVR will automatically operate once it has received power.  Therefore always connect power only when you are sure the DVR should start operating.  Disconnect power before attempting to remove the flash card out of the DVR or putting the DVR away.

Playback of Recording

  • It is OK to copy the newly recorded file into a PC and save the file in the PC as the archive along with other files.  As soon as the software is initiated, a full screen will be displayed and the 6 icons below at the bottom RHS corner are needed for display control.

    Image

     
  • Click the file open icon to select the desired file to play back.  When the file has been selected and opened, it may show initially show some information not relevant to the file.  Click play (forward arrow) to play the file.  Click the Internet Explorer icon to start Google Map. The video will play with correct information.  Click the scissors if you want to make a snapshot at any time.
  • Sample of Playback Screen:

    Image

 
Cautions of Use

  • The DVR must be powered within 5V±5% DC.  Use the supplied cigarette lighter adapter.  Some models of vehicles may have the cigarette lighter power supply cut off when the engine is OFF.  The DVR will not work under those situations.
  • A new SD card must be formatted by the supplied software player first to be used properly.  A click of the yellow hammer and screwdriver button will initiate formatting  
     
    Image 
  • GPS positioning and car speed recorded will be affected by various factors such as the weather and whatever metallic content the car windscreen may have etc
  • Infrared recording starts automatically according to the lighting condition in the car
  • The software is ready to use.  However, you may change the way the software is set up by clicking the lock icon (4th from the LHS).  The set up menu is quite intuitive.   If needed, email This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it for help stating Vehicle DVR technical support as the email subject matter.

Detailed Product Specification

Image

END
Version 20110202
 
Compucon Vehicle DVR (CUDCAR) - Product Specification Print
February 2011

Compucon Vehicle DVR

Product Specification


Image

Image

This Digital Video Recorder (DVR) product is designed for installation in motor vehicles such as private cars, taxis, buses, vans and trucks.  When installed and operating, the product will record the state of affairs as listed in (1) and achieve the effect of (2) and the function of (3) as explained below.
  1. Information recorded or available include the road and traffic conditions in video, the inside car cabin situation in video, audio as recorded and the volume is adjustable, speed of the car in numeric KPH, direction of the car as shown on a compass, location of the car as shown on a map and in terms of latitude and longitude, the shock position of the car in 3 dimensions, and finally the date and time of the recording.
  2. Deterrent to the driver or people inside the car cabin as they know their activities will be recorded
  3. Evidence of activities as recorded
Major Product Features

  1. There are 2 cameras embedded in the product and their lenses are located on the front end and back end of the unit as shown in the picture within the circle below. 
  2. There are 3 plastic suction hooks for attaching the DVR to the windscreen or any other surface suitable for holding the DVR.  The hinge connecting the hooks to the DVR is adjustable and this allows the cameras to be positioned as desired within limits. The DVR is quite light (about 140g), and the hooks are adequate to hold the DVR in position.

    Image

     
  3. There are 4 Infrared LED on the side of the DVR facing inward the car cabin and they are on the LHS of the camera. This set of Infrared LED is for night-mode operation when visible light is too low.  The DVR will start up in night mode for the first 30 seconds, and determine if it should stay on night mode or day mode for subsequent operation.

    Image

     
  4. The DVR will record data onto a flash card (Micro SDHC Class 6 to be exact).   Micro refers to its very small size, see picture.  SD stands for Secure Digital which is a name given by the initial technology developer.  HC stands for High Capacity.  Class 6 means the card is capable of writing at 6MB per second.

    Image
  5. Compucon supplies one 8GB of flash card with the product.  However, customers can use bigger capacity such as 16GB and 32GB which will support recording for a longer period (proportionally).  We estimate that 8GB supports 8 hours of recording.
    Image
  6. The flash card should be inserted in the DVR unit as shown in the picture on the RHS before the DVR receives power.  It is OK to change the flash card at any time as long as the DVR is not on power.  Remove the flash card with recording and insert it in a Reader which has an USB connector.  See picture on the LHS.  Connect it to a PC and the PC will be able to display the recording on the screen.  The Reader is supplied by Compucon as part of the product.

    Image

     
  7. The flash card contains the software needed to play the recording.  The software will work under Windows XP, Vista or Windows 7.  A separate CD with the software is supplied as part of the package for back up purpose.
  8. The DVR is powered by the cigarette lighter in the car at 5V.  Such an adapter with cable for connecting the DVR to the cigarette lighter is included in the product package.

Operation of DVR

  • The DVR will automatically operate once it has received power.  Therefore always connect power only when you are sure the DVR should start operating.  Disconnect power before attempting to remove the flash card out of the DVR or putting the DVR away.

Playback of Recording

  • It is OK to copy the newly recorded file into a PC and save the file in the PC as the archive along with other files.  As soon as the software is initiated, a full screen will be displayed and the 6 icons below at the bottom RHS corner are needed for display control.

    Image

     
  • Click the file open icon to select the desired file to play back.  When the file has been selected and opened, it may show initially show some information not relevant to the file.  Click play (forward arrow) to play the file.  Click the Internet Explorer icon to start Google Map. The video will play with correct information.  Click the scissors if you want to make a snapshot at any time.
  • Sample of Playback Screen:

    Image

 
Cautions of Use

  • The DVR must be powered within 5V±5% DC.  Use the supplied cigarette lighter adapter.  Some models of vehicles may have the cigarette lighter power supply cut off when the engine is OFF.  The DVR will not work under those situations.
  • A new SD card must be formatted by the supplied software player first to be used properly.  A click of the yellow hammer and screwdriver button will initiate formatting  
     
    Image 
  • GPS positioning and car speed recorded will be affected by various factors such as the weather and whatever metallic content the car windscreen may have etc
  • Infrared recording starts automatically according to the lighting condition in the car
  • The software is ready to use.  However, you may change the way the software is set up by clicking the lock icon (4th from the LHS).  The set up menu is quite intuitive.   If needed, email This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it for help stating Vehicle DVR technical support as the email subject matter.

Detailed Product Specification

Image

END
Version 20110202
 
Compucon Vehicle DVR (CUDCAR) - Product Specification Print
February 2011

Compucon Vehicle DVR

Product Specification


Image

Image

This Digital Video Recorder (DVR) product is designed for installation in motor vehicles such as private cars, taxis, buses, vans and trucks.  When installed and operating, the product will record the state of affairs as listed in (1) and achieve the effect of (2) and the function of (3) as explained below.
  1. Information recorded or available include the road and traffic conditions in video, the inside car cabin situation in video, audio as recorded and the volume is adjustable, speed of the car in numeric KPH, direction of the car as shown on a compass, location of the car as shown on a map and in terms of latitude and longitude, the shock position of the car in 3 dimensions, and finally the date and time of the recording.
  2. Deterrent to the driver or people inside the car cabin as they know their activities will be recorded
  3. Evidence of activities as recorded
Major Product Features

  1. There are 2 cameras embedded in the product and their lenses are located on the front end and back end of the unit as shown in the picture within the circle below. 
  2. There are 3 plastic suction hooks for attaching the DVR to the windscreen or any other surface suitable for holding the DVR.  The hinge connecting the hooks to the DVR is adjustable and this allows the cameras to be positioned as desired within limits. The DVR is quite light (about 140g), and the hooks are adequate to hold the DVR in position.

    Image

     
  3. There are 4 Infrared LED on the side of the DVR facing inward the car cabin and they are on the LHS of the camera. This set of Infrared LED is for night-mode operation when visible light is too low.  The DVR will start up in night mode for the first 30 seconds, and determine if it should stay on night mode or day mode for subsequent operation.

    Image

     
  4. The DVR will record data onto a flash card (Micro SDHC Class 6 to be exact).   Micro refers to its very small size, see picture.  SD stands for Secure Digital which is a name given by the initial technology developer.  HC stands for High Capacity.  Class 6 means the card is capable of writing at 6MB per second.

    Image
  5. Compucon supplies one 8GB of flash card with the product.  However, customers can use bigger capacity such as 16GB and 32GB which will support recording for a longer period (proportionally).  We estimate that 8GB supports 8 hours of recording.
    Image
  6. The flash card should be inserted in the DVR unit as shown in the picture on the RHS before the DVR receives power.  It is OK to change the flash card at any time as long as the DVR is not on power.  Remove the flash card with recording and insert it in a Reader which has an USB connector.  See picture on the LHS.  Connect it to a PC and the PC will be able to display the recording on the screen.  The Reader is supplied by Compucon as part of the product.

    Image

     
  7. The flash card contains the software needed to play the recording.  The software will work under Windows XP, Vista or Windows 7.  A separate CD with the software is supplied as part of the package for back up purpose.
  8. The DVR is powered by the cigarette lighter in the car at 5V.  Such an adapter with cable for connecting the DVR to the cigarette lighter is included in the product package.

Operation of DVR

  • The DVR will automatically operate once it has received power.  Therefore always connect power only when you are sure the DVR should start operating.  Disconnect power before attempting to remove the flash card out of the DVR or putting the DVR away.

Playback of Recording

  • It is OK to copy the newly recorded file into a PC and save the file in the PC as the archive along with other files.  As soon as the software is initiated, a full screen will be displayed and the 6 icons below at the bottom RHS corner are needed for display control.

    Image

     
  • Click the file open icon to select the desired file to play back.  When the file has been selected and opened, it may show initially show some information not relevant to the file.  Click play (forward arrow) to play the file.  Click the Internet Explorer icon to start Google Map. The video will play with correct information.  Click the scissors if you want to make a snapshot at any time.
  • Sample of Playback Screen:

    Image

 
Cautions of Use

  • The DVR must be powered within 5V±5% DC.  Use the supplied cigarette lighter adapter.  Some models of vehicles may have the cigarette lighter power supply cut off when the engine is OFF.  The DVR will not work under those situations.
  • A new SD card must be formatted by the supplied software player first to be used properly.  A click of the yellow hammer and screwdriver button will initiate formatting  
     
    Image 
  • GPS positioning and car speed recorded will be affected by various factors such as the weather and whatever metallic content the car windscreen may have etc
  • Infrared recording starts automatically according to the lighting condition in the car
  • The software is ready to use.  However, you may change the way the software is set up by clicking the lock icon (4th from the LHS).  The set up menu is quite intuitive.   If needed, email This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it for help stating Vehicle DVR technical support as the email subject matter.

Detailed Product Specification

Image

END
Version 20110202
 
Windows SBS 2011 Std Overview & Hardware Requirements Print
January 2011
Small Business Server 2011 Standard Overview

Source: http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/

A. MEDIA

SBS 2011 Standard ships with two disks.  Disk one is the install disk. It is a self contained installation dvd that is a image base install of the Small Business Server 2011 product.  Disk two is a repair disk that includes software parts that can be used to repair  the install at a later date.

    Unlike SBS 2008 that offered a Premium SKU, this has now been changed to a Premium add on that allows you to purchase an additional Windows Server 2008 R2 and SQL 2008 R2 Standard that can be added to both SBS 2011 Standard and SBS 2011 Essentials (Aurora).  Keep in mind that if all you need is an additional copy of Server 2008 R2 for line of business application needs or to virtualize, purchasing a standalone Windows Server 2008 R2 may be cheaper than purchasing the premium add on due to the price increase of SQL 2008 R2.


B.  PRODUCT KEYS

Unlike SBS 2008's product keys that were only on the back of the media, SBS 2011’s keys are obtainable from the VLSC web site.  However, the media is not, due to the size and concern that the VLSC Web site might not handle the large size of the download. However, just like SBS 2008, if you get stuck you can download media from technet/msdn or other trial media, install without a key and place the key in the server at a later date. The trial period can be extended if you need it.  You can use a VL key on trial media and it will accept the product key and properly activate.  If you install SBS 2011 as a guest in a HyperV server use the key labeled "virtual".  If you install the key on a physical box, use the "physical" key.  You can only install one key.


C.  HARDWARE

    Some say SBS 2011 works the best with a minimum of 16 GB of memory.  Some argue that 12 gigs is the right fit.  Don't let those statements scare you.  While 8 gigs is the minimum, when installing SBS 2011 in an active small business where people are using email and have large OST files, line of business applications installed on the server and networked printers, at least doubling the minimum requirements ensures a happy server.  The key to a happy SBS 2011 box is to give it lots of RAM. It’s been reported by beta testers that SBS 2011 actually ran better on the same hardware that SBS 2008 ran on.  There are many factors which will affect your choice of RAID subsystem but one thing is sure: you want hardware RAID. The particular form of RAID you choose to implement and whether this is 'best practice' is outside the scope of this document.  Buy your favorite hardware guru a beer and start an argument as to what he believes is the right RAID for the servers he designs and why he chooses that.

Compucon recommends a RAID-10 array with 15K SAS drives. An SSD for the controller to use as a read cache is also highly desirable for performance.


D.  PLANNING OF THE SETUP

    Partitioning a server is a religious argument.  Whatever configuration you decide, ensure that you configure at least 120 GB for the main C:\ paritition.  This to ensure you have plenty of room for the SXS folder. When you install SBS 2011 it installs the entire server image on the C: drive and then once the server is completed you have the option to go back and use the console wizards to move Exchange data, SharePoint data and WSUS data.  Remember that like all SBS’s before it, while you can have additional domain controllers, you cannot have two SBS’s in the same network with the exception of the 21 days during the migration period.  SBS 2011 standard supports a maximum of 75 users or devices, must be the PDC, hold the FSMO roles, and cannot support trust domains.   

E.  INTERNET GATEWAY (FIREWALL)

If you are more familiar with SBS 2003, you might be surprised to learn that since SBS 2008 does not have the ability to provide Internet sharing, there is a need to purchase an Internet gateway device beforehand. There are a number of different vendors providing gateways/firewalls that provide anything from basic filtering all the way up to antivirus and e-mail sanitation services at the box.  Also SBS will be a single nic server.  Teaming of nics is not supported.  If you want to team the nics, don’t team them, run the wizards, then re-team them.

Once the gateway appliance has been purchased and is at hand, one needs to do the following:

  1. Configure the LAN IP address and the Internet IP address.
  2. Configure port forwarding to the new SBS 2011 IP.
    1. SMTP Port 25
    2. HTTPS Port 443
    3. Companyweb HTTPS Port 987
    4. Optional: HTTP Port 80
      1. Note: Any request to port 80 gets redirected to the HTTPS port. By opening HTTP port 80 in the first place provides another possible attack vector. So, a suggestion would be to leave 80 closed.
    5. Optional: PPTP VPN Port 1723 + GRE (GRE should automatically get included by the device)
  3. You do not need to open up 4125 anymore.

F.  VIRTUALIZATION

    Installing SBS 2011 as a guest inside a HyperV server parent is fully supported.  Installing the HyperV role ON SBS 2011 is not.  With the premium add on you can take the Windows Server 2008 R2 standard media and install it as a base for the HyperV role.  Then you are licensed to install the SBS 2011 media AND the Windows Server 2008 R2 media as guests inside the Windows 2008 R2 server that you installed the HyperV role.  This is referred to as 1+1 licensing and is a supported deployment of SBS 2011.  Installing SBS 2011 as a guest inside _any of the virtualisation platforms certified for Windows Server 2008 is fully supported. SBS11 on Hyper-V has an advantage in that there is no delineation of 'our problem' vs 'their problem' in regard to host/guest operation.

Installing the HyperV role ON SBS 2011 is possible but borders on insanity, and is also not supported.

    A free Webinar on Hyper-V 101 can be found here .  Another great webinar on virtualization can be found here .


G.  CLIENTS

Supported clients for SBS 2011 are Windows XP sp2 and above (but please have XP SP3 installed as XP sp2 clients no longer get security updates), Vista SP1 and above, and Windows 7 and above.  Phones that can be connected to the ActiveSync portion of Exchange include any phone that supports activesync, such as Windows Phone, iPhone, Android.  While you can use self signed certs even with Windows Phone (bbbblogs post), your life will be easier if you plan on buying a third party cert.  You do not need to purchase a SAN cert for this, a single label SSL cert will do.  While Macintosh can connect to the active directory, and Entourage 2010 will support connecting to the webdav services, you will need to do some tweaking and Remote Web Access won’t fully function with Mac clients.  Outlook 2010 and 2007 work the best with SBS 2011 but are not included software.  If you need to attach Outlook 2003 it can work as well but needs adjustments.

When you connect your computers to the network, you will need to install .NET 4 on the workstations.  This will not be automatically downloaded; it is 'Optional Software' available through Windows Update.  However if that client has existed in a WSUS managed environment then it is possible that it is preinstalled.  A quick check in Programs and Features looking for a listing of "Microsoft .NET Framework 4" can verify if there.


H.  PRINTERS, PLOTTERS, OTHER HARDWARE ALONG WITH LINE OF BUSINESS APPLICATIONS.

You will probably be migrating from a 32 bit operating system to a 64 bit operating system.  Check that your printers, plotters, devices support this as well as line of business applications will support being installed on a 64 bit operating system.  Be prepared to have a “plan b” when deploying printers and be ready to share them from an alternative 32 bit location should the need arise.   You may need to consider a virtual 32 bit server or Windows XP and share the printer from that location instead.

END

For the entire Build Document click here.



For reference the absolute minimum requirements for SBS 2011 Std is as follows.

Hardware Minimum Requirement

Processor

Quad core 2 GHz 64-bit (x64) or faster

1 socket   (4 sockets maximum)

RAM

8 GB

10 GB recommended (32 GB maximum)

Storage

120 GB



Source: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg491249.aspx
 
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